基于大葱移栽机的卧式旋耕机的设计与试验

Design and Research of Horizontal Rotary Tiller Based on Scallion Transplanter

为解决大葱移栽作业中配套动力轮距与垄距不匹配的问题,研制了基于大葱移栽机的卧式旋耕机。该旋耕机位于移栽装置的正前方,可一次完成开沟、起垄、移栽、覆土和镇压等不间断作业。旋耕机采用整体框架式结构和中间链轮传动的传动方式,使旋耕作业更加平稳,主要工作部件包括悬挂架、减速箱、旋耕刀轴、旋耕刀、输入轴、链轮及链条等。应用CAD、SolidWorks、ANSYS等软件进行图样设计、三维建模和应力分析,并对旋耕刀等关键机构进行重点设计,通过理论分析和有限元分析确定了影响旋耕刀切削阻力因素、旋耕机功率消耗大小、旋耕刀最大应力和变形位置。在山东青州市华龙大葱试验基地田间试验,结果表明:与该旋耕机配套的动力为35~80kW;可完成耕深3~18cm,满足葱苗移栽深度5~13cm的农艺要求;碎土率均值为74.92,满足旋耕刀设计与葱苗栽植要求。

In order to avoid the disadvantage of matching power wheel spacing and ridge spacing in onion transplanting operation, a horizontal rotary tiller based on onion transplanter is developed. The rotary tiller is located in front of the transplanting device. The whole machine can complete continuous operations such as furrowing, ridging, transplanting, covering soil and pressing at one time. Rotary tiller adopts integral frame structure and transmission mode of intermediate sprocket to make rotary tillage operation more stable. The main working parts include suspension frame, reducer, rotary tiller shaft, rotary tiller, input shaft, sprocket, chain, etc. The machine uses CAD, SolidWorks, ANSYS and other software for pattern design, 3 D modeling and stress analysis, and focuses on key mechanisms such as rotary tillers. Through theoretical analysis and finite element analysis, the factors affecting the cutting resistance of rotary cutters are determined. Rotary tiller power consumption and maximum stress and deformation position of rotary tiller. The field test results of Hualong scallion test Base in Qingzhou city, Shandong Province showed that the power with the rotary tiller was 35-80 kW, the depth of tillage was 3-18 cm, which satisfied the agronomic requirements of 5-13 cm depth of onion transplanting;The average soil rate is 74.92%, which meets the requirements of rotary tiller design and onion planting.