花生捡拾联合收获机捡拾装置优化设计与运动学分析

The Optimum Design and Kinematics Analysis of the Picking Device of Peanut Combine Harveste

针对我国目前花生捡拾联合收获中捡拾率低、落果率高及易堵塞的主要问题,结合现有的主要捡拾装置,进行装置的运动学分析与参数优化,解决作业中出现的关键难题。该花生捡拾装置主要包括花生秧果引导器、捡拾运动轨道、弹齿护板和捡拾弹齿等,花生秧果引导器通过带立式座轴承安装固定在机架上。为此,对主要机构的主要参数进行优化设计,并通过对捡拾弹齿进行运动学分析,建立漏捡区域的数学模型,通过理论分析完成捡拾装置旋转速度和整机行进速度的合理匹配,完成运动参数优化。研究结果对花生联合收获机的摘果装置的研究和发展具有一定的借鉴与参考价值。

Aiming at the main problems of low pickup rate, high fruit drop rate and easy to block in the current peanut pickup combined harvest in China, combined with the existing main pickup device, the kinematic analysis and parameter optimization of the device are carried out to solve the key problems in the operation. The peanut pickup device mainly includes a peanut seedling guide, a pickup motion track, a tine guard and a pickup tine, etc. the peanut seedling guide is installed and fixed on the frame by a bearing with a vertical seat. In this paper, the main parameters of the main mechanism are optimized, and through the kinematic analysis of the pick-up tine, the mathematical model of the missing pick-up area is established. Through the theoretical analysis, the reasonable matching between the rotation speed of the pick-up device and the travel speed of the whole machine is completed, and the optimization of the motion parameters is completed. The results of this study can be used for reference in the research and development of peanut combine harvester.