《论语·侍坐》“知时说”与“不遇说”辨正

Comparison of“Zhi Shi Saying”with“Bu Yu Saying”about Sitting in Attendance from The Analects of Confucius

《论语·先进·侍坐》一章,孔子询问子路、曾皙、冉有、公西华4人的志向,而独对曾皙“莫春者,春服既成,冠者五六人,童子六七人,浴乎沂,风乎舞雩,咏而归”之志喟然叹曰:“吾与点也”。后世学者对“吾与点也”的见解不一而足,有的学者持“知时说”,有的学者持“不遇说”。通过爬梳历代注疏及相关文献资料,结合孔子所处时代背景及其个人思想,“吾与点也”所彰显的是孔子豁达的知时观。

In the chapter of Sitting in Attendance from The Analects of Confucius,for the aspirations of Zi Lu,Zeng Xi,Ran You and Gong Xihua,Confucius only sighed to Zeng Xi’s that“in the late spring,in spring clothes I,along with five or six adults and six or seven young men,take a bath in Yi River,sing on a platform and return home.”Later scholars have different opinions on“my agreement with Zeng Dian”.Some scholars hold the the view of“zhi shi saying”,while others hold the the view of“bu yu saying”.According to the anno⁃tations and other related literature and considering Confucius’times and his philosophy,“my agreement with Zeng Dian”shows his open-minded zhi shi view.