新科技革命与产业转型升级:技术创新的演化视角

New Scientific and Technological Revolution and Industrial Transformation and Upgrading:Evolutionary Perspective of Technological Innovation

新一轮科技革命和产业变革正蓬勃进行。中国能否成功抓住这次重大机遇将成为实现产业转型升级、高质量发展的关键。技术创新是产业高质量发展的驱动力。从演化视角看,技术创新先后经历新技术导入、架构创新、标准化、融合创新、范式转换等阶段推动,逐步实现产业渐进式升级,并最终从供需两端形成双向驱动的闭环。在不同阶段,技术创新驱动产业升级存在差异化的特征和机制。因此,本文从技术创新演化视角提出对策建议:根据技术创新的阶段化特征制定针对性的政策;加快新型基础设施供给;提升创新与应用能力;发挥政府与市场有效协同机制。

A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is in full swing.Whether China can seize this great opportunity is the key to industrial transformation and upgrading,high-quality development.Technological innovation is the driving force of high-quality industrial development.From the perspective of evolution of technological innovation,technological innovation has experienced the stages of new technology introduction,architecture innovation,standardization,integration innovation and paradigm shift,which promotes the progressive upgrading of the industry and forms a two-way driven closed-loop from both sides of supply and demand.At different stages,there are differentiated characteristics and mechanisms in technological innovation and industrial upgrading.Therefore,from the perspective of technological innovation evolution,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions as follows:formulating targeted policies according to the phased characteristics of technological innovation;accelerating the supply of new infrastructure;enhancing innovation and application capacity;and playing an effective coordination mechanism between government and market.