日粮添加酵母培养物对奶牛生产性能、营养物质表观消化率及瘤胃发酵参数的影响

Effect of adding yeast culture on production performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters of dairy cows

试验在荷斯坦奶牛日粮中添加酵母培养物,研究其对奶牛生产性能、养分消化率及瘤胃发酵参数的影响。试验选取40头体况良好、产奶量、泌乳天数相近的奶牛,按单因素设计,分成4个处理组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头奶牛。各组日粮添加酵母培养物的剂量为0(对照组)、1%、2%、3%。试验期30d。结果显示,添加2%和3%酵母培养物组的奶牛平均日干物质采食量和产奶量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2%酵母培养物组奶牛的乳脂率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组比,添加2%和3%的酵母培养物可显著提高干物质和粗蛋白的表观消化率(P<0.05)。添加2%的酵母培养物的酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,添加2%和3%的酵母培养物可显著提高乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸的浓度(P<0.05)。随着酵母培养物含量的增加,瘤胃微生物蛋白(MCP)的含量逐渐升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,酵母培养物可提高奶牛的生产性能和养分消化率,改善乳品质和瘤胃发酵指标,适宜添加量为2%。

In the study,yeast culture was added to the diet of Holstein dairy cows to study the effect on production performance,nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters of dairy cow.40 cows with good body condition,similar milk production and similar lactation days were selected and divided into four treatment groups according to a single factor design,with ten replicates in each group and one cow in each replicate.The dose of yeast culture added to the diet in each group was 0(control group),1%,2%,3%.The experiment was conducted for 30d.The results showed that average daily dry matter intake and milk production of dairy cows in the 2% and 3% yeast culture groups were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The milk fat rate of dairy cows in the 2% yeast culture group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the addition of 2%and 3% yeast culture can significantly increase the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude protein(P<0.05).The addition of 2% of the yeast culture acid detergent fiber is significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the addition of 2% and 3% yeast culture can significantly increase the concentration of acetic acid and total volatile fatty acids(P<0.05).The content of MCP gradually increases following the increase of the content of yeast culture(P<0.05).The study indicates that yeast culture can improve the production performance and nutrient digestibility of dairy cows,improve milk quality and rumen fermentation indicators,and the appropriate addition amount is 2%.