酒糟酵母培养物部分替换饲料对草鱼生长性能及肠道微生物的影响

Effect of partial replacement of feed with distiller's grains yeast culture on growth performance and intestinal microflora of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

试验探究酒糟酵母培养物部分替换基础饲料对草鱼生长性能及肠道微生物菌群的影响。试验选用初重(99.5±0.5) g的草鱼,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。对照组草鱼饲喂基础饲料,各试验组分别用酒糟酵母培养物替换8%、10%、12%、16%的基础饲料。试验期10周。结果显示,各试验组草鱼增重率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),12%试验组草鱼增重率显著高于8%、10%试验组(P<0.05)。在科水平上,分枝杆菌科、红椿科和乳杆菌科在12%试验组中比例明显上升。在属水平上,8%试验组草鱼肠微生物种类中苍白杆菌属(Ochrobactrum)种类明显增加,而10%试验组是乳球菌属(Lactococcus)的种类增量显著,12%试验组在分枝杆菌属(Mycobacterium)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、红椿菌属(Coriobacteriaceae)占比更具优势,16%试验组种类最丰富的属是沙雷氏菌属(Serratia)。研究表明,酒糟酵母培养物替换基础饲料可以在一定程度上改善肠道菌群结构,使有益菌比例上升。

The experiment studied the effect of partial replacement of basic feed with distiller's grain yeast culture on growth performance and intestinal microflora of grass carp.In the experiment,grass carp fingerlings with an initial body weight of(99.5±0.5)g were randomly divided into five groups,with three replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicates.The grass carps in control group were fed with basic feed,and each test group replaced the basic feed with 8%,10%,12%,16%of distiller's grain yeast culture.The test period was ten weeks.THe results showed that the weight gain rate of grass carp in test group was significantly higher than other group(P<0.05),and the weight gain rate of grass carp in 12%test group was significantly higher than 8%,10% test group(P<0.05).At the family level,the proportions of Mycobacteriaceae,Todulaceae,and Lactobacteriaceae increased significantly in the 12% test group.At the genus level,the species of Ochrobactrum in the intestinal microorganisms of grass carp in 8%test group increased significantly,while the species of Lactococcus in 10%test group increased significantly,and 12%test group was in Mycobacterium,Lactobacillus,and the genus C oriobacteriaceae were more dominant.The most abundant genus in 16%test group was Serratia.The experiment indicates that partial replacement of basic feed with distiller's grain yeast culture can improve the structure of the intestinal flora to a certain extent on grass carp and increase the proportion of beneficial bacteria.