玉米免耕播种机适用性评价技术指标体系研究

Study on Evaluation Technical Index System of Suitability for No-tillage Maize Planters

为推进农业生产标准化,构建了玉米免耕播种机适用性评价技术指标体系。实地调研国内玉米免耕播种机产品现状;广泛听取生产企业、用户、农机管理、鉴定、推广及农业技术等有关方面专家意见,查阅相关资料,并对一年一作春播玉米地的玉米秸秆覆盖量和一年两作夏播玉米地的小麦秸秆覆盖量进行调查检测,设计了权重测评表、发函征询评价技术指标及权重系数。对评价技术指标体系进行试验验证,最终确定:主要影响玉米免耕播种机适用性的秸秆覆盖量,依据秸秆处理方式、种类,将小麦和玉米秸秆覆盖分别划分为5个和3个评价条件,并依据评价技术指标检测值与评价分值的对应关系,建立了玉米免耕播种机适用性评价技术指标体系。验证结果表明:所给出的评价条件符合实际,技术指标体系科学合理,可操作性强。

The present research was aimed to construct the evaluation technical index system of suitability for no-tillage maize planters.With a field survey of the status quo of domestic corn no-till seeding planters,we listened to various expert opinions in different fields like manufacturers,users,agricultural machinery management,identification,popularization and agricultural technology,consulted relevant resources,investigated and tested the corn straw mulch rate where corns are planted in spring once a year,and that of wheat straw mulch where corn is planted in summer.Also,we designed a weight evaluation table to solicit the evaluation technical index and the weight coefficient by sending e-mails to the experts and confirmed the evaluation technical index system.The research focuses on the following items:the wheat and corn straw mulch rate,which mainly influences corn no-tilling seeding suitability,is divided into five evaluation conditions and three ones respectively based on the way to deal with straw and its classification;the corresponding relationship between the evaluation technical index test value and the evaluation score was established,and the evaluation technical index system was constructed.The results showed that the above evaluation conditions are realistic,and the technical index system is scientific and feasible.