重启与激活:后扶贫时代易地搬迁移民生计转型与发展研究——以新疆W县P村为例

Reactivation and activation: The livelihood transformation and development of relocated migrants in the post poverty alleviation era

后扶贫时代,按照国家贫困标准,易地搬迁移民已基本脱贫。但移民生计的转型与发展仍然是值得长期关注的重要问题。文中以新疆W县P村为例,通过实地观察和非结构式个案访谈搜集相关资料。以此归纳出新疆后扶贫时代移民生计发展中的困境,即生计内卷化、生计低水平聚合及内生性发展不足。并试图提出移民生计转型与发展路径。通过增强政策韧性、激发移民内生性发展意识和构建政府、社会、移民三方发展共同体,进而促进移民生计的转型与发展。

In the post-poverty alleviation era, most of the relocated immigrants have been lifted out of poverty, but the transformation and development of migrants′ livelihood is still an important issue that is worthy of long-term attention. Taking village of P as an example, relevant information was collected by field observation and non-structured case interviews. The difficulties in the livelihood development of immigrants in the post-poverty-alleviation era in Xinjiang were summed as: the internalization of livelihood, the low-level aggregation of livelihood, and the insufficient endogenous development. Then, the path of migration transformation and development was tried to put forward. That is: By strengthening policy resilience, stimulating subject consciousness, and building a tripartite development community of government, society and immigrants, the transformation and development of immigrants′ livelihood can be promoted.