清代山西土地契约印章之研究

The Stamps on Land Contracts of Shanxi in Qing Dynasty

清代土地契约是指清代土地交易中双方或多方共同协议订立的文书,是学术研究的一手资料。其文书原件作为研究的实物资料,内容更为原生态,更加珍贵。印章是官契不可或缺的部分,现存大量的官契原件,其上都加盖有各种印章。印章的种类、大小、文字和加盖位置在清代都有严格规定。出自山西民间的清代土地契约原件,反映了清代土地交易过程中印章的基本加盖规则。解读和掌握印章的加盖规则对清代土地契约的缀合、辨伪和整理发挥至关重要的作用。

Land contracts of Qing dynasty are the documents that were signed by two parties or multi parties in land transactions.These documents are valuable sources for research.Large quantities of official contracts were found with various kinds of stamps on them.In Qing dynasty,there were strict regulations about the kinds,sizes,prints and position of stamps on the contracts.These regulations are illustrated by the land contracts of Qing dynasty collected in Shanxi Province.This paper discusses the regulations of the stamps on the selected typical contracts,which will facilitate the collation,rejoining and differentiation of land contracts in Qing dynasty.