托尼·本尼特非文学的文学理论研究

On Tony Bennett’s Literary Theory of Non-Literature

托尼·本尼特提出文学之内、外研究的观点,文学之内主要指传统美学角度的文学研究,文学之外则重在对文学产生影响的社会、制度等非审美因素。"非文学"的文学理论则是文学之外的文学理论,是从非传统的审美角度来研究文学。本尼特文学之外研究的理论意图在于关注制度、话语等因素对文学产生的影响,以及文学在制度场域内所产生的"效用",亦即文学在主体构形中的作用和效果。但是本尼特为了这一理论意图把文学的审美特性、价值判断、评价标准等基本论题解构掉之后,文学研究该何去何从,是个值得思考的问题。

Tony Bennett puts forward the view of inside literature and outside literature.Inside Literature mainly refers to the study of literature from the perspective of traditional aesthetics,while outside literature focuses on the non-aesthetic factors such as society and institution that have an impact on literature.The literature theory of"non-literature"is a literature theory other than literature,which studies literature from an unconventional aesthetic point of view.The theoretical intention of Bennett’s research on outside literature is to pay attention to the influence of institutions,discourse and other factors on literature,as well as the utility of the literature in the field of institution,that is,the role and effect of literature in subject formations.As Bennett deconstructs the aesthetic characteristics,value judgment,evaluation criteria and other basic topics of literature for the theoretical intention,it is worth thinking about where to go in literary research.