“革命虫”是怎样诞生的——抗战时期陕甘宁边区的虱子革命发生学

How Was the"Revolutionary Insect"Born--Occurrence of Lice Revolution in Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region during the Anti-Japanese War

抗战时期,虱子在陕甘宁边区被称为"革命虫",是边区的家中常客,由于水资源的缺乏而无法被彻底消除。虱子在边区造成了许多疾病的流行,其中,较轻的是疥疮,较为严重甚至威胁生命的是斑疹伤寒等。边区政府逐渐注意到虱子的存在,开始推动卫生工作,利用展览会或学校进行宣传教育,使民众认识到虱子的危害并且推广灭虱的方法。同时,"革命虫"虱子是对奔赴边区来的青年学生和知识分子革命意志是否坚定的考验。他们在接受容忍虱子的过程中完成了自我改造,蜕变为革命战士,并且与农民群众打成一片,成为了革命队伍中的优秀成员。虱子在边区能发挥"革命"效用,既有其滋生疾病的自然因素,也有边区特定政治文化的塑造。

During the Anti-Japanese War,lice were known as"revolutionary insect"in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region and was a frequent guest in the border region.Due to the lack of water resources,lice could not be eliminated.Lice has caused the epidemic of many diseases in the border areas,among which scabies is the lighter and typhus is the more serious and even life-threatening.The border region government gradually noticed the existence of lice,began to promote health work,used exhibitions or schools to carry out publicity and education,to make the public aware of the harm of lice and promote the methods of killing lice.At the same time,the"revolutionary insect"lice are a test of the firm revolutionary will of the young students and intellectuals who went to the border region.In the process of accepting and tolerating lice,they also transformed themselves into revolutionary soldiers and became excellent members of the revolutionary team.Lice can play a"revolutionary"role in the border areas,not only because of its natural factors of breeding diseases,but also because of the creation of the CPC’s specific political culture.