专业化与多样化集聚如何影响劳动力错配--基于制造业细分行业的研究

How Does Specialization and Diversified Agglomeration Affect Labor Misallocation:Research on Manufacturing Industry Segmentation

要素的优化配置对实现经济高质量发展意义重大。基于2006—2016年28个制造业细分行业的面板数据,探讨了专业化集聚、多样化集聚对劳动力错配的异质性影响机制。研究发现:专业化集聚与多样化集聚对劳动力错配的影响机制存在异质性。专业化集聚与劳动力错配程度之间呈非线性关系,在专业化集聚程度较弱时,集聚能够改善劳动力错配;随着专业化程度逐渐深入,集聚开始恶化劳动力配置。多样化集聚对劳动力错配的优化强度随集聚程度加深减弱。产业集聚主要通过影响劳动力结构作用于劳动力配置。研究结论对改善中国制造业劳动力要素错配具有参考价值。

The optimal allocation of factors is of great significance to the realization of high‐quality economic development.Based on the panel data of 28 manufacturing sub‐sectors from 2006 to 2016,the heterogeneous impact mechanism of specialization agglomeration and diversification agglomeration on labor mismatch are discussed.It is found that there is heterogeneity in the mechanism of labor mismatch between specialization agglomeration and diversification agglomeration.There is a non‐linear relationship between the degree of specialization agglomeration and labor mismatch.When the degree of specialization agglomeration is weak,agglomeration can improve labor mismatch.With the deepening of specialization,agglomeration begins to deteriorate the allocation of labor force.The optimal intensity of diversification agglomeration on labor mismatch decreases with the deepening of agglomeration degree.Industrial agglomeration mainly affects the distribution of labor force by affecting the structure of labor force.The research conclusion has reference value for improving the mismatch of labor factors in China’s manufacturing industry.