对消费主义文化思潮的伦理反思

Ethical Reflection on the Cultural Thoughts of Consumerism

作为一种文化思潮的消费主义,是指以获取商品特别是非生存所需的奢侈品,将对物质的过度占有和无限消费作为人生最高目的,并从购买和展示新物品的过程中彰显身份地位的生活方式和价值观念。人们观察到的社会现实以及文化学、社会学和经济学等学科的研究表明,消费主义文化对当代中国经济社会发展以及个人的生活方式与价值观带来了深刻和重大的影响。对消费主义文化展开伦理反思,其目的是揭示消费主义建构的新型消费伦理的本质特征。从文化形态学的角度看,消费主义是物质主义文化的一种表现形式;从价值观的角度看,消费主义推崇的是享乐主义和利己主义价值观;从人与物关系的角度看,消费主义导致了人的异化;从消费与人权关系的角度看,消费主义营造了自由与平等的虚假幻象。

Consumerism,as a cultural trend of thought,refers to the acquisition of goods,especially luxury goods for non-survival,and the over-possession and unlimited consumption of materials as the highest purpose of life,and highlighting the status of the way of life and values in the process of purchasing and displaying the new goods.The observed social reality and the studies of culture,sociology and economics show that consumerism culture has a profound and significant impact on the economic and social development of contemporary China as well as personal life style and values.The purpose of ethical reflection on consumerism culture is to reveal the essential characteristics of the new consumption ethics constructed by consumerism.From the perspective of cultural morphology,consumerism is a form of expression of materialistic culture;from the perspective of values,consumerism advocates the values of hedonism and egoism;from the perspective of the relationship between people and things,consumerism leads to human alienation;from the perspective of the relationship between consumption and human rights,consumerism creates a false illusion of freedom and equality.