种族接触经验对中国大学生他族态度的影响

The Impact of Contact Experience on the Chinese College Students'Attitudes towards Other Races

该研究旨在考察先前接触经验和想象接触经验对中国大学生他族外显和内隐态度的影响。实验一采用内隐联想测验评估中国大学生对本族(中国)和他族(非洲和欧洲)的内隐态度。实验二要求有他族接触经验的中国大学生进行积极、中性或消极的想象接触,采用内隐联想测验和外显态度问卷评估他们对非洲人的内隐和外显态度。结果发现,相较于他族,中国大学生对本族的内隐态度更积极,而且他们对欧洲人的态度比对非洲人更为积极。他族想象接触经验能改善个体对他族的内隐态度。只有当他族接触经验较少时,想象接触能改善个体对他族的外显态度。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prior actual contact experience and imagined contact experience on the explicit and implicit attitudes of Chinese college students.In experiment 1,the Implicit Association Test was used to assess the implicit attitudes of Chinese college students towards own(Chinese)and other(African and European)races.In experiment 2,Chinese college students with different prior contact experiences were instructed to imagine positive,neutral and negative contact.Then their implicit attitudes and explicit attitudes towards the Africans were assessed through the Single Category Implicit Association Test and explicit questionnaire respectively.The results showed that compared with other races,Chinese college students have more positive attitude towards their own race.Further,they have more positive attitude toward Europeans than Africans.And imagined contact with other race can improve individual's implicit attitude towards other race.In the case of less prior contact experience,imagined contact can improve individual's explicit attitude to other race.