茶树——次生植物间作茶园生态系统构建的思考

Thinking on the Construction of Tea Plantation Ecosystem of Tea Plant and Secondary Plants Intercropping

植物多样性的生态茶园建设是今后我国茶园生境管理的长期性任务。为了更加科学地选择利用靶标植物而构建植物多样性生态茶园,本文根据已有研究报道详细划分和定义了八种次生植物,主要包括影响农作物生态系统第一营养级的伴生植物,影响农作物生态系统第二营养级的驱避植物、屏障植物、诱集植物和指示植物,以及影响农作物生态系统第三营养级的养虫植物、载体植物和栖境植物。于此基础之上,从影响茶园生态系统三级营养关系的角度,提出了四种模式的茶树-次生植物间作茶园生态系统,讨论了次生植物多样性茶园生态系统构建注意事项。

Establishing the ecological tea plantation with plant diversity is a long-term task of tea habitat management in China.In order to select and utilize target plants more scientifically and construct the ecological tea plantation with plant diversity,eight species of secondary plants are classified and defined in detail according to the existing research reports in this paper,which mainly include associated plants that affect the first trophic level of crop ecosystem,the repellent plants,barrier plants,trapping plants and indicator plants that affect the second trophic level of crop ecosystem,and the insectivorous plants,carrier plants,habitat plants that affect the third trophic level of crop ecosystem.On this basis,four models of tea plantation ecosystem of tea pant and secondary plants intercropping are proposed from the perspective of affecting the three-level trophic relationship of tea plantation ecosystem,and the matters needing attention in the construction of tea plantation ecosystem with secondary plant diversity are discussed.