黄河上游甘南地区生态保护协同管控成效评估

Evaluation on the Effectiveness of Ecological Protection and Coordinated Management in Gannan Region of the Upper Reaches of the Yellow River

黄河流域是我国重要的生态屏障,以黄河上游甘南及周边区域为研究对象,以水源涵养服务功能、植被覆盖状况、开发建设用地变化等为主要评估内容,基于“禁止开发区—限制开发区—非管控区域”的管控梯度差异,评估分析不同类型管控区域内生态系统变化与生态保护修复成效。结果表明:研究区水源涵养量呈现南高北低的空间分布,年均植被覆盖度呈现东南高、西北低的空间分布。在自然保护区内,平均水源涵养量最高且功能稳定性最好,植被长势优于保护区外部且稳定性最高。区域内开发建设用地面积增长幅度与分级管控严格程度相吻合。从生态修复工程对区域生态保护的成效及协同管控差异来看,自然保护区和重点生态功能区相对于非管控区域,由于植被本底较好,较高强度的人工造林并没有取得更高的植被覆盖度恢复成效。

The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier in China.This article takes Gannan and its surrounding areas in the upper reaches of the Yellow River as the research area to analyse water conservation services,vegetation ecology and changes in construction land in different kinds of nature reserves based on the management gradient of“prohibited development zone-restricted development zone-non-controlled area”,then evaluates and examines different management effects of these regions resulting from management gradient.The results show that the average water conservation capacity in the study area is higher in the south and lower in the north,the average vegetation coverage presents gradually decreased from the southeast to the northwest.The nature reserve has the highest average water conservation capacity and the best functional stability.The vegetation growth in the nature reserve is better than other regions and has the highest stability.Changes in construction land have been consistent with the differences in coordinated management.From the effect of ecological restoration projects on regional ecological protection and difference coordinated control,in nature reserves and key ecological function zones,due to the better vegetation background,higher intensity artificial afforestation has not achieved better restoration effects compared to non-controlled areas.