论生物学特征在青少年运动员选材中的不确定性

On the Uncertainty of Biological Characteristics in the Selection of Young Athletes

"刻意训练"理论认为,优秀的专业人才都是后天培养的,而非天生的。要培养出高水平的运动员,就需要在专业训练期间有目的地进行训练,合理安排训练时间,并持续关注训练任务中的效果与表现。因此,许多国家的体育管理部门都建立了专业的训练中心,用于选拔优秀的青少年人才,并选派经验丰富的教练员进行训练,最后将培养的精英运动员进一步选拔到各级国家队中。本文将探讨目前运动员选材和培养中产生了两个主要问题,以期为科学合理的选拔和培养青少年运动员提供有益借鉴。

According to the theory of"deliberate practice",excellent professionals are made,not born.To develop high level athletes,it is necessary to take purposefully professional training,arrange training time reasonably,and continuously pay attention to the effect and performance of training tasks.Therefore,the sports administration departments of many countries have set up professional training centers to select outstanding young talents and send experienced coaches for training.Finally,the trained elite athletes are further selected to the national teams at all levels.This paper will discuss the two main problems in the selection and training of athletes in order to provide useful reference for the scientific and reasonable selection and training of young athletes.