广东省帆板运动队年度周期体能训练负荷特征研究

Study on the Characteristics of Fitness Training Load in Annual Cycle of Guangdong Windsurfing Sports Team

目的:本研究从运动实践和训练计划的制定出发,整理分析出广东省帆板队员年度周期体能训练负荷特点及其规律,为今后我国帆板运动队年度周期体能训练负荷的制订和具体实施提供理论和量化指标的依据。方法:采用文献资料法、访谈法、数理统计法、实地考察法对广东省帆板队年度周期体能训练负荷特征进行全面的研究。结论:准备期以有氧耐力、最大力量和基本技能训练为主,日训练课逐渐增加负荷量,负荷量从小——中或次最大——次最大。负荷强度维持在三级到四级强度,心率控制在140到150之间;比赛期以最大速度和专项核心技能为主,心率控制在150——160之间,越接近比赛期,强化了运动员负荷强度,适当弱化了负荷量的安排。调整期以有氧耐力、静力拉伸和基本技能练习为主,日训练课逐渐增加负荷量,负荷量从小——中或次最大——大。负荷强度维持在二到三级强度,心率控制在120到140之间。

Objective:Based on the practice of sports and the formulation of training plan,this paper analyzes the characteristics and laws of the annual periodic physical training load of Guangdong windsurfing team members,and provides theoretical and quantitative basis for the formulation and specific implementation of the annual cycle physical training load of China’s windsurfing team.Methods:By using the methods of literature review,interview,mathematical statistics and on-the-spot investigation,this paper makes a comprehensive study on the characteristics of the annual cycle physical training load of Guangdong windsurfing team.Conclusion:During the preparation period,aerobic endurance,maximum strength and basic skills training were given priority to.The daily training course gradually increased the load,and the load was from small to medium or from the second maximum to the second maximum.The load intensity is maintained at Level 3 to level 4,and the heart rate is controlled between 140 and 150;during the competition period,the maximum speed and special core skills are mainly used,and the heart rate is controlled between 150 and 160.The closer to the competition period,the load intensity of athletes is strengthened,and the arrangement of load is appropriately weakened.During the adjustment period,aerobic endurance,static stretching and basic skill training are the main tasks.The daily training course gradually increases the load,and the load is small to medium or the second largest to large.The load intensity was maintained at level 2 to 3,and the heart rate was controlled between 120 and 140.