蒸汽机技术的发展动力及模式——马克思恩格斯的技术观

The Dynamics and Patterns of Steam Engine Development:Marx and Engels'View of Technology

马克思恩格斯立足于当时的资本主义社会背景对蒸汽机进行了深入分析,其中有些讨论可以概括为关于蒸汽机的发展动力及模式。蒸汽机的发展动力包括资本家对利润的过度追求、工人罢工、工作机的改进和专利制度;蒸汽机的发展模式包括量变-质变的发展模式、以物理学为基础的发展模式、工业需要刺激下的发展模式。探讨马克思恩格斯对蒸汽机发展动力及模式的研究,有利于我国在科技发展过程中汲取类似蒸汽机这样的技术发展经验,以促进我国产业的可持续发展。

Based on the temporal social background of capitalism,steam engines had been analyzed in depth by Marx and Engels,some of which could be summarized as steam engines'development dynamics and patterns.Steam engines'development dynamics involved in capitalists'excessive greed for profit,workers strike,improvement of working machines,and patent systems.Steam engines'development patterns included the pattern from quantitative change to qualitative change,the pattern based on physics and the pattern stimulated by industrial needs.Studying the dynamics and patterns of steam engine development is helpful for China to absorb the skill experience like steam engine's technology in the process of science and technology development,so as to promote the sustainable development of China's industry.