小学新入职教师离职的自我民族志研究

Auto-ethnography on New Primary School Teachers’Turnover

近年来,国内外出现高校毕业生首次工作时间短,离职率高的现象。该现象在我国中小学也十分显著,教师离职成为学校提升教育质量路上的现实难题。教师的客观处境,影响他/她对该岗位的认知、情绪和态度,从而影响其是否产生离职倾向,但如何影响取决于个体的客观处境与个体主观因素间的关系。主观期待与客观现实间难以调和的冲突常成为离职的重要原因,当冲突只能通过“牺牲一方、成就另一方”的解决方式时最易出现强烈离职倾向。

Recently,increasing numbers of university graduates tend to quit their first job positions within a short period,and there exists a phenomenon of high turnover rate around the world.This phenomenon is also significant in primary and secondary schools in China which poses a challenge to the improvement of school quality.The findings demonstrate that individuals’perceptions,emotions,and attitudes tend to be influenced by the environmental conditions in which they situate,which further influences whether their turnover intention might be evoked.And how the influences undergo depends on how individuals’subjective factors and their environmental conditions are related.In addition,the conflict between subjective expectations and the objective conditions tends to be a major reason for turnover,but only when the conflict could be solved through sacrificing,turnover intention will be evoked.This study has implications for school management and teachers’personal growth.