原型测量法在海冰作用下海上采油平台失效评估中的应用

Application of Prototype Measurement in Failure Assessment of Offshore OilPlatform under Sea Ice

中国渤海区域的海上石油采油平台位于高纬度地区,从投产之时起就长期处于恶劣高寒带的环境当中,可能会遭受地震、台风等自然灾害的影响。其中,海冰的危害远大于海风、海浪、海流、潮汐、地震等的威胁,渤海区域曾经发生过两起海冰引起的平台倒塌的事故。由于海冰会引起导管架和平台持续振动,在振动下海上采油平台的管线会发生法兰松动、管线断裂及泄漏等问题,严重威胁平台的安全生产活动,甚至会造成人员伤亡事故和巨大财产损失,也可能会对海上采油平台的周边海洋环境造成污染和破坏。笔者具有多年安全评估评价的相关工作经验,对解决上述问题和提前预警等进行了初步的思考。

The offshore oil recovery platform in Bohai region of China is located in the high latitude area,and has been in the harsh high cold zone for a long time since it was put into production.It may suffer from natural disasters such as earthquakes,typhoons accidents.Among them,the harm of sea ice is far greater than the threat of sea wind,waves,currents,tides and earthquakes.There have been two accidents of platform collapse caused by sea ice in Bohai Sea.Because the sea ice will cause the continuous vibration of the jacket and platform,and the pipeline of offshore oil recovery platform will be flanged and the pipeline the offshore oil recovery platform will break crack and leakage and other problems,and then seriously threaten the platform's production safety activities.It may even cause casualties and huge property losses,and may also cause pollution and damage to the surrounding marine environment of offshore oil production platforms.The author has many years of experience in safety assessment and evaluation,and thinks about how to solve the above problems and early warning.