情景模拟式健康教育对初产妇心理弹性及母乳喂养技能的影响

Effect of situational simulated health education on psychological elasticity and breastfeeding skills of parturient women

目的:研究情景模拟式健康教育对初产妇心理弹性及母乳喂养技能的影响。方法:选取2017年3月至2018年4月在某院妇产科门诊就诊的初产妇90例,按随机数表法的方式分为观察组和对照组各45例,对照组初产妇给予常规产前健康教育,观察组患者在对照组治疗的基础上,给予情景模拟式健康教育。两组均在初产妇产检期间进行干预,直到分娩。观察记录观察组和对照组自然分娩率,比较心理弹性指标、母乳喂养情况指标和母婴自我照料功能情况。结果:干预后,观察组自然分娩率为86.67%,对照组自然分娩率为68.87%,且观察组明显高于对照组(χ^(2)=4.114,P<0.05)。观察组精神影响、控制、接受变化、忍受消极情感及能力评分均明显高于对照组(t=2.656,6.780,7.747,9.050,8.453;P<0.05)。干预后,观察组母乳喂养知识及技巧评分均明显高于对照组(t=9.247,8.816;P<0.05)。观察组产后自我照料、新生儿沐浴、脐带处理及母乳喂养技能合格率均明显高于对照组(χ^(2)=5.874,6.429,4.114,7.465;P<0.05)。结论:情景模拟式健康教育能提高初产妇自然分娩率,可显著改善初产妇的心理弹性,提高母乳喂养技能和母婴自我照料功能。

Objective:To study the effect of situational simulated health education on psychological resilience and breastfeeding skills of parturients.Methods:A total of 90 parturients who were treated in the gynecology and obstetrics clinic of our hospital from March 2017 to April 2018 were selected.According to the random table method,the patients were divided into observation group(n=45)and control group(n=45).The parturients in the control group were given routine prenatal health education,and patients in the observation group were given situational simulation health education on the basis of treatment in the control group.Both groups were intervened during antenatal examination of parturients until delivery.The natural delivery rate in the observation group and the control group was observed and recorded,and the indexes of psychological elasticity,breastfeeding and maternal and infant self-care function were compared.Results:After intervention,the natural delivery rate was 86.67%in the observation group and 68.87%in the control group,and the natural delivery rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(χ^(2)=4.114,P<0.05).The scores of mental influence,control,acceptance of change,tolerance of negative emotion and ability in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=2.656,6.780,7.747,9.050,8.453;P<0.05).After intervention,the scores of breast-feeding knowledge and skills in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(t=9.247,8.816;P<0.05).The qualified rates of postpartum self-care,neonatal bathing,umbilical cord treatment and breastfeeding skills in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(χ^(2)=5.874,6.429,4.114,7.465;P<0.05).Conclusion:The situational simulated health education can increase the natural delivery rate of parturients,significantly improve their psychological elasticity,breastfeeding skills and maternal and infant self-care function.