青藏高原地区四种野生茶藨子浆果营养成分和生物活性成分分析

Analysis of nutrient and bioactive components of four wild ribes berries in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

以青海4种野生糖茶藨、青藏茶藨、门源茶藨、长刺茶藨的新鲜果实为研究对象,评价茶藨子属浆果资源的潜在应用价值。采用国家食品安全标准中的方法和实验室自建方法分别对其果实的一般营养成分、维生素、氨基酸、矿物质、重金属、生物活性成分进行测定和全面分析比较。结果表明,茶藨子果实的营养成分含量具有低脂肪(1.83±0.39)%、高V C(58.20±8.77)mg/100g、高V_(E)(1.53±1.28)mg/100g、高钾(271.50±64.14)mg/100g等特点,可作为开发新食品的原料来源;检测到果实中的活性成分有总黄酮(0.18±0.11)%、多酚(0.22±0.20)%、多糖(3.34±3.09)%、花青素(0.09±0.07)%(均为质量分数)等。该研究可为今后茶藨子浆果资源的开发利用提供理论依据。

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential application value of the berry resources of ribes genus including wild Ribes himalense,Ribes qingzangense,Ribes menyuanense,and Ribes alpestre.The methods in the national food safety standards and the laboratory self-built methods were used to determine and comprehensively analyze the general nutrients,vitamins,amino acids,minerals,heavy metals,and biologically active components of the fruits.The results showed that the nutrient content of ribes fruit had low fat(1.83±0.39)%,high V C(58.20±8.77)mg/100g,high V_(E)(1.53±1.28)mg/100g,high potassium(271.50±64.14)mg/100g and other characteristics,which could be used to develop new food sources.The active ingredients detected in the fruit were total flavonoids(0.18±0.11)%,polyphenols(0.22±0.20)%,polysaccharides(3.34±3.09)%,anthocyanins(0.09±0.07)%,etc.It provides a theoretical basis for the future development and utilization of Ribes berry resources.