济南市无偿献血人群ABO血型及与Rh血型分布研究

Distribution of ABO blood group and Rh blood group among voluntary blood donors in Ji’nan

目的研究济南市无偿献血人群中ABO、Rh血型的分布特点,并分析其ABO、Rh抗原表现型及基因频率,是否符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律。方法对山东省血液中心采集的282 413份无偿献血样本采用血型血清学方法进行ABO、Rh血型检测,利用血型群体遗传学研究方法进行描述性分析。结果 2015—2017年无偿献血者282 413人,ABO表现型特征分布为B>O>A>AB;ABO基因频率为r>q>p,期望值和观察值符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律;不同性别、汉族和少数民族间ABO血型分布差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);Rh(+)中的ABO血型构成比与Rh(-)中的ABO血型构成比、汉族Rh(-)献血人群表现型与ABO血型表现型、Rh(-)献血人群表现型与ABO血型表现型差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。共确认Rh(-)1 802名,占0.64%(含少数民族和重复献血者),多表现为ccdee>Ccdee>ccdEe>CCdee>CcdEe>ccdEE>CCdEe,cde单倍型频率最高。无偿献血者中汉族266 498名,Rh(-)1 015名,占0.38%;RhD抗原在ABO血型系统中分布为B>O>A>AB,Rh血型表现型分布符合HardyWeinberg平衡定律。结论济南市ABO血型与Rh血型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律,两者间无相关性,是独立遗传的两个不同的血型系统。

Objective To study the distribution characteristics of ABO blood group and Rh blood group in voluntary blood donors in Ji’nan area,and to analyze their ABO and Rh antigen phenotypes and gene frequencies,whether they conform to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law or not. Methods ABO blood group and Rh blood group were detected in282 413 blood donation samples collected from Shandong Blood Center by blood group serological method,and Chi-square test was carried out by blood group population genetics research method. Results From 2015 to 2017,the ABO phenotypic distribution of 282 413 voluntary blood donors was B>O>A>AB,ABO gene frequency was r>q>p,the expected and observed values were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law. There were no significant differences in ABO blood group distribution among different genders,Han and ethnic minorities(both P>0.05). Between ABO blood group of Rh(+)and Rh(-),Rh(-)blood group of Han nationality and phenotype of ABO blood group,the phenotype of Rh(-)blood group and phenotype of ABO blood group,there were no significant differences in the distribution(all P>0.05). A total of 1 802 cases of Rh(-)were confirmed,accounting for 0.64%(including ethnic minorities and repeated blood donors). The most common manifestations were ccdee>Ccdee>ccdEe>CCdee>CcdEe>ccdEE>CCdEe,had the highest haplotype frequency cde. Among which 266 498 cases were Han nationality,1 015 cases were Rh(-),accounting for 0.38%;The distribution of RhD antigen in ABO blood group system was B>O>A>AB. The distribution of Rh blood group phenotype accords with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law. Conclusion Ji’nan ABO group and Rh group with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law,no correlation between the two,are two different independent genetic blood group system.