郑州市中青年体检人群高血压前期现状及影响因素分析

Status and influencing factors of pre-hypertension among young and middle-aged people undergoing physical examination in Zhengzhou

目的调查郑州市中青年体检人群高血压前期的现状情况并分析相关的影响因素,为当地特定人群的高血压综合防治和干预措施选择提供科学依据。方法以2018年9月至2020年8月在河南省某医院体检中心体检的18~59岁郑州市中青年人群为研究对象进行高血压前期现况调查,并采用单、多因素对高血压前期检出影响因素进行分析。结果本研究纳入的12 560名郑州市18~59岁中青年体检者中男性6 572人,女性5 988人,平均年龄(37.20±5.16)岁,以25~44岁为主,占58.91%。检出高血压前期4 486例,检出率为35.72%。检出高血压1 949例,患病率为15.52%。年龄越大(OR=1.370)、BMI越大(OR=2.054)、吸烟(OR=1.065)、高血压家族史(OR=1.353)、高胆固醇血症(OR=1.507)、高甘油三酯血症(OR=1.443)、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症(OR=1.157)的中青年体检者高血压前期检出风险较高。结论郑州市中青年体检人群高血压前期检出率较高,超重和肥胖是最显著影响中青年人群高血压前期患病的影响因素,应加强对中青年人群中体重超标、有高血压家族史、嗜烟且血脂水平异常的易感者进行健康宣教,以达到高血压防控目的。

Objective To investigate the status of pre-hypertension among young and middle-aged people undergoing physical examination in Zhengzhou City,and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of hypertension and the selection of intervention measures in local specific population. Methods From September 2018 to August 2020,the young and middle-aged people aged 18-59 years old in Zhengzhou City who underwent physical examination in the physical examination center of a hospital in Henan Province were selected as the research objects to investigate the current situation of pre-hypertension,and the influencing factors of pre-hypertension were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results There were 6 572 males and 5 988 females in the 12 560 subjects aged 18-59 years old in Zhengzhou City. The average age was(37.20 ± 5.16)years old. The majority of them were 25-44 years old,accounting for 58.91%. Among them,4 486 cases of pre-hypertension were detected,the detection rate was 35.72%;1 949 cases of hypertension were detected,the prevalence rate was 15.52%. The older age(OR=1.370),higher BMI(OR=2.054),smoking(OR=1.065),family history of hypertension(OR=1.353),hypercholesterolemia(OR=1.507),hypertriglyceridemia(OR =1.443)and low HDL-C(OR=1.157)in young and middle-aged persons who hada higher risk of pre-hypertension detection. Conclusion The detection rate of pre-hypertension is high in young and middle-aged people undergoing physical examinationin Zhengzhou City. Overweight and obesity are the most obvious influencing factors. Health education should be strengthened for young and middle-aged people with overweight,family history of hypertension,smoking and dyslipidemia,so as to meet the target of prevention and control of hypertension.