美丽乡村视域下传统村落景观改造策略研究

A Study of the Tactics for Landscape Transformation of Traditional Villages in the Backdrop of Beautiful Countryside Construction

在美丽乡村建设和乡村振兴战略的大背景下,传统村落迎来发展新机遇,景观改造是改善农村风貌的关键步骤,是农村新业态形成的基础.目前,现有传统村落的景观改造出现了乡土历史建筑毁损失修、风格混乱不一、丧失地域原真性、艺术介入成分较少等问题.本文以丰富的田野调查资料和美丽乡村实地项目为依托,总结出在传统村落景观改造中应遵循保护为主、整体协调、提升色彩、空间美学等原则范式.结合国内外的理论成果和成功案例,提出融合产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明等理念的传统村落景观改造策略.对历史建筑进行功能置换延续传统文脉,系统规划各期改造项目保持风格协调,融合历史性和艺术性地域符号以保护原真性,增强村民村落保护开发参与能力以及改造中注重艺术体验和审美追求等,在改善传统村落物质空间环境的同时留住乡愁,实现传统村落的全面可持续发展.

In the backdrop of Beautiful Countryside Construction and Rural Revitalization Strategyin China,traditional villages are facing new development opportunities.Landscape reconstruction is the key step to renovate the rural styles and is the foundation for the new rural business forms.However,there are some problems in the existing landscape reconstruction of traditional villages,such as the local historical buildings falling into disrepair,chaos in style and form,loss of regional authenticity,and insufficient artistic engagement.In the present paper,ground rules are worked out relying on rich field investigation data and many field projects in the rural areas as taking protection as first place,overall coordination,color enhancement and the concept of space from an aesthetic perspective.Integrating the concepts of industrial prosperity,ecological livability and rural civilization,the paper combines the theoretical achievements and successful cases at home and abroad and offers tactics for the landscape reconstruction from the followingaspects:replacing the functions of the historical buildings,continuing the traditional context,coordinating different styles to maintain consistency in the whole process,compromising historical and artistic regional symbols to protect authenticity,enhancing the villagers'participation abilities,and pursuing artistic engagement and art appreciation,so as to improve the material space environment for villagers while retaining homesickness and realizing the comprehensive and sustainable development for the traditional villages.