马克思技术批判的辩证观及其当代价值——基于剩余价值理论视角

The Dialectical View of Marx’s Technology Criticism and Its Contemporary Value——Based on the Perspective of Theory of Surplus Value

【目的/意义】马克思技术批判的实质是对劳动异化问题历史与逻辑相统一的回答。【设计/方法】马克思以技术进入生产过程对工人阶级的影响为线索,探讨了二者关系的辩证发展,其核心是以剩余价值规律阐释技术发展的资本逻辑及其对劳动者的异化作用,其根本追求是劳动者的解放和人的全面自由发展。【结论/发现】马克思技术批判的辩证发展观蕴含着否定之否定规律,预示着劳动者与技术关系在新时代将迎来辩证否定,劳动者终将恢复对技术的支配地位。马克思技术批判辩证观的当代价值是重新确立劳动者对技术的主导地位,遵循社会发展客观规律看待技术的作用条件,以及推动实现新时代中国特色社会主义的包容性发展。

[Purpose/Significance]The essence of Marx’s technology criticism is the answer to the unity between history and logic of labor alienation.[Design/Methodology]Marx,taking the influence of technology on production process as a clue,discussed the dialectic development of the relationship between technology and production process.The core of the dialectic development is to explain the capital logic of technological development and its alienation to laborers by the law of surplus value.Marx’s fundamental pursuit is the liberation and the all-round development of laborers.[Findings/Conclusions]The dialectic development concept of Marx’s technology criticism contains the negation of negation,which indicates that the relationship between laborers and technology will usher in dialectical negation in the new era,and the laborers will eventually restore their dominance in technology.The contemporary value of Marx’s dialectic view of technology criticism is to re-establish the laborers’dominance in technology,comply with the functioning conditions of the objective law of social development in response to technology,and promote the inclusive development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.