热风干燥法对刺梨果活性成分影响的研究

Effect of Hot Air Drying on Bioactive Substance in Rose roxburghii

目的:采用热风干燥法干燥刺梨鲜果,分析干燥前后对刺梨主要活性成分(维生素C、总多酚、总黄酮、没食子酸、儿茶素和鞣花酸)的影响,以及测定其有害重金属含量。结果:刺梨鲜果经60℃热风干燥后,总黄酮含量基本不变,总多酚和维生素C含量有减少;多酚类化合物儿茶素含量减少,没食子酸和鞣花酸含量则增加;刺梨干果中维生素C含量仍然高(7.2%);干果中总多酚96.18 mg/g、总黄酮1.97 mg/g、儿茶素4.94 mg/g、没食子酸0.30 mg/g、鞣花酸1.70 mg/g。有害重金属限量符合国家标准GB 2762—2017的规定。结论:热风干燥的工艺方法使刺梨中活性成分含量变化,但不影响干刺梨的应用品质,是加工干燥刺梨鲜果的方便、快捷、性价比合适的方式,适合规模化应用。

Objective Rose roxburghii fresh fruit was dried using hot air drying method.The contents of main active substance(vitamin C,total polyphenols,total flavonoids t,gallic acid,catechin and ellagic acid)and heavy metals in the fresh and dried Rose roxburghii fruit were analyzed and compared.Result The results showed that the content of total flavonoids had been remained unchanged while the contents of total polyphenols and vitaminC had been decreased after hot air drying at 60℃.The content of polyphenolic catechin had been decreased while the contents of gallic acid and ellagic acid had been increased.The content of vitaminC in the dried Rose roxburghii was still high(7.2%).The contents of the active substance in the dried fruits were as follows:total polyphenols 96.18 mg/g,total flavonoids 1.97 mg/g,catechins 4.94 mg/g,gallic acid 0.30 mg/g,and ellagic acid 1.70 mg/g.The limit of harmful heavy metals shall comply with the provisions of the national standard GB 2762—2017.Conclusion The hot air drying method may result in the content changes of the active ingredients in Rose roxburghii,but does not affect the application quality of the dried fruit.Hot air drying method is a convenient,fast,and cost-effective way to process fresh Rose roxburghii,which is suitable for large-scale application.