先天性与获得性长QT综合征诊断治疗现状

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Status for Congenital and Acquired Long QT Syndrome

长QT综合征(LQTS)是首个被发现的心脏离子通道病,是引起青少年猝死的重要原因,包括先天性LQTS(cLQTS)和获得性LQTS(aLQTS)。现针对cLQTS的诊断标准、基因分型、临床表现、性别差异、危险分层和治疗策略以及aLQTS的常见原因等方面的最新进展进行综述,最后讨论在当前全球新型冠状病毒流行期间,新型冠状病毒肺炎患者发生心律失常的潜在危险因素,以及为避免引起aLQTS,在对其进行治疗时可采取的风险评估流程。

Long QT syndrome(LQTS),including congenital LQTS(cLQTS)and acquired LQTS(aLQTS),is the first discovered cardiac channelopathy and an important cause of adolescent sudden death.This review focuses on the latest progress in the diagnosis criteria,genotyping,clinical manifestations,gender differences,risk stratification and treatment strategies of cLQTS,as well as the common causes of aLQTS.Finally,we discuss the potential risk factors for arrhythmias in patients with COVID-19 during the current global novel coronavirus epidemic and the risk assessment process to avoid aLQTS while treating COVID-19.