生理和环境因子对甜菜夜蛾性信息素释放及其雄蛾嗅觉反应的影响

Effect of Physiological Status and Environmental Factors on Sex Pheromone of Female and Olfactory Response of Male,Spodoptera exigua

为了探索甜菜夜蛾雌蛾生理状态和环境因子对性诱的影响,更好地分析和利用性诱测报数据,通过甜菜夜蛾雌蛾的卵巢解剖、单头雌蛾的性信息素全组成分析、精巢解剖和不同地域的诱捕昼夜节律数据采集,分析雌蛾发育和雄蛾的反应,环境因子对性诱的影响及其中的相互关系。研究结果表明:1日龄雌性成虫卵巢已经发育至卵黄沉积期(II),3日龄到达成熟待产期(III),6日龄为产卵盛期(IV)。性信息素主要成分Z9-14:Ac,Z9-14:OH,Z9E12-14:Ac和Z11-16:Ac在甜菜夜蛾雌性成虫第4日龄产生达高峰值。雄蛾精巢的体积随着日龄的增长而缩减,但交配前后则无明显的差异。田间诱捕结果表明:雄蛾对性信息素的反应也具有明显的昼夜节律性,但受地域和季节的影响显著。6~9月上旬的诱捕量比较集中,之后则比较分散。温度和湿度组合与性诱蛾量存在统计分析上显著相关。研究结果对于甜菜夜蛾的精准测报和防控实施具有指导意义。

The relationship between the ovarian development,sex pheromone and trapping Spodoptera exigua were investigated by dissection,chemical analysis of single female gland and field tests.The results showed that the ovaries of the 1-day-old female adult had developed to the yolk deposition stage(II),the 3-day-old adult reached the maturity stage(III),and the 6-day-old egg-laying period(IV)appeared.The main components of sex pheromone Z9-14:Ac,Z9-14:OH,Z9E12-14:Ac and Z11-16:Ac reached their peak at the 4th day of age.The size of the male moth's testis decreases with age,but there was no significant difference before and after mating.The field trapping results showed that the male moth's response to sex pheromone also had an obvious circadian rhythm,but it was significantly affected by region and season.The moth catches in the trap are concentrated in the first ten days of June to September,and then more scattered.The combination of temperature and humidity has a statistically significant correlation with the amount of moth catches,and these results provide a basis for the accurate monitoring and control of beet armyworm.