激励约束:政府购买公共体育服务中体育社会组织道德风险的应对

Incentive and Restraint:Response to Moral Hazard of Sports Social Organizations in Government Purchasing Public Sports Services

在达成政府购买公共体育服务的关系后,体育社会组织自利的道德违约行为已经成为公共体育服务合作供给失效的重要致因。研究认为,在委托代理的合作框架下,由于政社双方目标效用不一致以及信息不对称,极易引发体育社会组织进行自利违约的道德风险问题。体育社会组织的道德风险问题主要表现为贪腐寻租、降低质量、缩减范围、合同转包、非法营利、懒惰工作等。设计完善、运行有效的激励约束机制是应对道德风险的关键所在,现阶段体育社会组织激励约束机制呈现着碎片化、低效能困境,激励工具设计与运用效果有限,监督与评估机制不完善,合同管理过程约束力度不足。因此,应推动激励约束机制的重塑,以显性与隐性措施激励体育社会组织,以规制、纠偏与惩戒措施来约束体育社会组织,实现公共体育服务供给效率提升。

After the government purchases the public sports service,the self-interest moral breach behavior of sports social organizations has become an important cause of the failure of public sports service cooperation supply.The research shows that,under the framework of principal-agent cooperation,due to the inconsistent goal utility and asymmetric information between the government and the organization,it is very easy to cause the moral hazard problem of self-interest default of sports social organizations.The moral hazard of sports social organizations is mainly manifested in corruption and rent-seeking,quality reduction,scope reduction,contract subcontracting,illegal profit-making,lazy work and so on.The key to deal with moral hazard is to design a perfect and effective incentive and restraint mechanism.At present,the incentive and restraint mechanism of sports social organizations is fragmented and inefficient.The design and application effect of incentive tools is limited,the supervision and evaluation mechanism is imperfect,and the constraint of contract management process is insufficient.Therefore,we should promote the remodeling of incentive and restraint mechanism,encourage sports social organizations with explicit and implicit measures,and restrict sports social organizations with regulatory,corrective and disciplinary measures,so as to improve the supply efficiency of public sports services.