小球藻对罗非鱼养殖水体水质及细菌群落结构的影响

Effect of Chlorella on the Quality and Bacterial Community Structure of GIFT Tilapia Culture Water

本研究通过向罗非鱼养殖水体中添加小球藻,旨在探究其对养殖水体N、P降解和微生物群落调控的最佳浓度。分别设置对照组(NC)、低浓度组(LC)、中浓度组(MC)和高浓度组(HC),探究不同浓度小球藻对罗非鱼养殖水体中N、P的改善效果,并采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术分析养殖水体细菌群落结构变化。与其他处理组相比,HC组水体N、P营养盐含量降低,对3种形态氮的降解速率NH4+-N>NO3--N>NO2--N。与NC组相比,MC组和HC组的微生物多样性降低;各处理组变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度增加,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度减少,且HC组拟杆菌门相对丰度最高,群落丰富度与NH4+-N含量显著相关。小球藻可以吸收养殖水体中N、P营养盐,调节水体微生物群落结构,从而改善养殖水体水质状况,为养殖生产实践提供理论依据。

By adding Chlorella to tilapia aquaculture water, this study aims to explore the optimal concentration of Chlorella for the degradation of N and P and the regulation of microbial community in aquaculture water. Control group(NC), low concentration group(LC), middle concentration group(MC) and high concentration group(HC) were set to explore the effects of different concentrations of Chlorella on reducing the concentration of N and P in tilapia aquaculture water. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze bacteria community structure changes of aquaculture water body.Compared with other treatment groups, N and P nutrition of water body in HC group decreased, and the degradation rate of nitrogen in three forms was NH4+-N>NO3--N>NO2--N. Compared with NC group, the microbial diversity of MC and HC group decreased. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria in each treatment group increased, while that of Bacteroidetes decreased, and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in HC group was the highest, the community richness was significantly correlated with the content of NH4+-N. In summary, Chlorella can absorb N and P nutrition from aquaculture water, regulate aquaculture water microbial community structure, and improve aquaculture water quality. The study could provide a theoretical basis for aquaculture production practice.