宁夏地区先天性心脏病患儿发病情况与孕妇孕中期超声检查的相关性研究

Research on the correlation between incidence of congenital heart disease and ultrasound examination in the second trimester of pregnancy in Ningxia

目的探讨宁夏地区先天性心脏病(CHD)发病情况与孕妇孕中期超声检查的相关性。方法选取2015年10月至2018年10月宁夏医科大学总医院收住的年龄在0~14周岁经心脏超声和(或)手术确诊的CHD患儿为研究对象,进行回顾性分析;通过电话/短信等方式咨询孕妇孕中期超声检查资料。结果孕妇孕中期CHD超声检查的孕检率为90.822%,检出率为13.780%,检出准确率为66.667%;宁夏地区三级医院的CHD超声筛查检出率高于二级和其他医院(P<0.05);动脉导管未闭、房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损和肺动脉高压是患儿主要的CHD病理类型;而患儿单一类型CHD与两种及以上CHD的发病率基本一致。结论宁夏地区各级医院孕妇孕中期CHD超声筛查水平与国内先进水平还有一定的距离,且其具有明显的医院级别差异性,应大力加强基层医疗机构孕妇孕中期CHD的筛查水平。

Objective To investigate the correlation between the incidence of congenital heart disease(CHD)and ultrasound examination in the second trimester of pregnancy in Ningxia.Methods The CHD children aged 0-14 years old who were admitted to the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from October 2015 to October 2018 and confirmed by cardiac ultrasound and/or surgery were selected as the research objects for retrospective analysis.The ultrasound examination data of the pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy were obtained by telephone/short message,etc.Results The pregnancy detection rate of CHD ultrasound examination in the second trimester of pregnancy was 90.822%,the detection rate was 13.780%,and the detection accuracy rate was 66.667%.The detection rate of CHD was higher in tertiary hospitals in Ningxia than that in secondary hospitals and other hospitals(P<0.05).Patent ductus arteriosus,atrial septal defect,ventricular septal defect and pulmonary hypertension were the main pathological types of CHD in children.However,the incidence of single type of CHD in children was basically the same as that of two or more types of CHD.Conclusion There is still a certain gap between the ultrasonic screening level of pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy in hospitals at all levels in Ningxia and the advanced level in China,and there are obvious differences in hospital levels.Therefore,the screening level of pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy in primary medical institutions should be greatly strengthened.