海上浮动核电站总体设计初探

Preliminary Study of General Design of Floating Nuclear Power Plants

通过分析国际上现有堆型的优劣及其在舰船上的应用成果,建议海上浮动核电站采用技术成熟的压水堆,并对反应堆功率与换料周期给出原则性建议。以单点系泊型式的船型浮动核电站为例,根据各舱室的主要功能进行分区,提出舱室划分原则。同时分析了海上浮动核电站主尺度的主要制约因素,阐述了总体性布局原则,并着重介绍了反应堆舱内设置的安全壳、安全围壁、放射性废物管理系统、生物屏蔽设计的基本原则。同时,结合海上浮动核电站的特点,对一些关键系统如二回路、控制室、电力系统、物理防护等的设计原则进行了介绍。

Based on the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the existing reactor types in the world and the application on ships,this paper suggests that the mature PWR can be used in the floating nuclear power plants on the sea,and the principle suggestions on the reactor power and refueling cycle are given.Taking the ship type floating nuclear power plant of single point mooring type as an example,the principle of compartment division is expounded,and the division is carried out according to the main functions of each cabin.The main restriction factors of the main scale are analyzed,and the general layout principle is expounded.The basic design principles of containment,safety enclosure,radioactive waste management system and biological shielding in the reactor compartment are emphatically introduced.At the same time,the design principles of some key systems such as secondary circuit,control room,power system and physical protection are introduced.