高原高应力隧道岩爆段施工与防护技术研究

Study on Construction and Protection Technology of Rock Burst Section of High Stress Tunnel in Plateau

因高原高应力区特殊的地质环境,深埋隧道开挖过程面临诸多困难,尤其是岩爆灾害。岩爆灾害严重威胁着施工人员及设备的安全,影响施工进度,已经成为硬岩隧道勘测设计及施工组织中必须考虑的重要问题。本文基于拉林铁路巴玉隧道现场岩爆段施工,结合监测与超前预报技术,对不同等级岩爆的发生特征及其对施工开挖和支护措施的影响进行研究,并从钻爆法开挖、支护和综合防控措施三个方面总结出轻微、中等和强烈等级岩爆相应的动态施工与防护技术,以期为高原高应力地区类似隧道工程施工提供参考。

Because of the special geological environment in the high stress area of plateau,the excavation process of deepburied tunnel will face many difficulties,especially the rock burst disaster.Rock burst disaster seriously threatens the safety of construction personnel and equipment and affects the construction progress.It has become an important problem to be considered in the survey,design and construction organization of hard rock tunnel.Based on the construction of the rock blasting section of the Bayu Tunnel on the Lhasa-Linzhi Railway,this paper studies the occurrence characteristics of rock burst of different grades and their influence on construction excavation and support measures,which is combined with the technology of monitoring and advance prediction,and it summarizes the corresponding dynamic construction and protection technologies of slight,moderate and intensive rock burst from three aspects of drilling and blasting excavation,support and comprehensive prevention and control measures.The research results can provide reference for similar tunnel construction in high stress plateau area.