设区的市立法文本责任条款研究——基于安徽省的实证考察

Research on the Liability Clauses in the Legislative Texts of Cities with Districts:An Empirical Analysis Based on Anhui Province

法律责任条款作为立法文本的核心内容之一,对立法质效有着重要影响。2015年新修订的《立法法》将地方立法权扩容至所有设区的市,能否保证立法文本法律责任条款设置的科学性是一个必须分析的问题。通过对安徽省的实证考察发现,目前还存在不同城市间相同事项的法律责任条款差异较大,同一城市不同立法对相同事项规定的法律责任不一致,部分法律责任条款照搬照抄,笼统模糊,甚至缺失等问题。应通过增强对法律责任条款科学设置的思维意识,提升和强化地方立法权行使的能力和水平,尽快对现存瑕疵漏洞进行修正完善,提升新获立法权设区的市立法文本法律责任条款的科学性。

As one of the core contents of legislative texts,the clause of legal liability has an important impact on the quality and effect of legislation.The newly revised Legislative Law in 2015 extends the local legislative power to all cities with districts,but for them,it is a question that must be analyzed whether the provisions of legal liability in legislative texts can be set scientifically.Through the empirical study of Anhui province,we find that there are still some problems,such as great differences in terms of legal liability for the same matters among different cities,inconsistency in legal liability stipulated by different laws in the same city,copy of some legal liability provisions,vagueness in general,and even lack of legal liability provisions.In order to improve the scientificity of the legal liability clauses in the newly-acquired municipal legislative texts,we should strengthen the consciousness of the scientific establishment of the legal liability clauses,enhance the capability of the local legislative power to exercise,amend the existing flaws as soon as possible,and improve the scientificity of the legal liability clauses in the newly-acquired municipal legislative texts.