南极磷虾油中虾青素分子种组成及其消化吸收特性研究

Molecular Composition,Digestion and Absorption Characteristics of Astaxanthin in Antarctic Krill Oil

以南极磷虾油中总虾青素含量、磷脂含量和得率为考察指标,研究不同正己烷-乙醇溶剂体系对南极磷虾油提取效果的影响;并对优选工艺条件下提取的南极磷虾油中虾青素分子种组成进行检测分析;以ICR小鼠为模型动物,采用单次灌胃不同剂量南极磷虾油的方法,考察南极磷虾油中虾青素在小鼠体内的消化过程和生物可接受率,并对比研究了南极磷虾油源和雨生红球藻源虾青素生物可接受率的差异性。结果表明:60%正己烷-乙醇溶液是提取富虾青素南极磷虾油的最佳溶剂组成,经分析得该工艺条件下制备的南极磷虾油中含虾青素双酯占73.5%、虾青素单酯占24.8%、游离态虾青素占1.62%;南极磷虾油中虾青素双酯在小鼠体内被分解为虾青素单酯和游离态虾青素;灌胃24 h后,低、中、高剂量组虾青素的生物可接受率差异不显著,其生物可接受率约为74%;南极磷虾油源虾青素的生物可接受率约为雨生红球藻源虾青素的1.25倍。本研究结果为南极磷虾油定向化生产和膳食营养特性评价提供了科学依据。

The extraction of Antarctic krill oil enrich astaxanthins using n-hexane-ethanol solvent systems was studied,taking the total astaxanthin content,phospholipid content and yield of Antarctic krill oil as the investigation indexes.Meanwhile,the molecular species composition of astaxanthins in Antarctic krill oil which extracted under the optimized conditions were characterized and analyzed.Then the digestion process and bioaccessibility of astaxanthins in Antarctic krill oil were investigated by single-dose oral gavage with different doses of Antarctic krill oil,using ICR mice as model animals.Furthermore,the bioacceptability of astaxanthin from Antarctic krill oil and Haematococcus pluvialis were compared.The results showed that the 60%(V/V)n-hexane-ethanol solution was selected as the best solvent to extract Antarctic krill oil enrich astaxanthins.The astaxanthins in krill oil were mainly present as fatty acid esters,the relative percentages of astaxanthin diesters,monoesters,and free astaxanthin were 73.5%,24.8%,and 1.62%.The astaxanthin diesters were hydrolyzed to monoesters or free from in the gastrointestinal tract.After 24 hours of gavage,the bioaccessibility of astaxanthin in low,middle and high dose groups was not significant,and the bioaccessibility of astaxanthin in Antarctic krill oil was about 74%.In addition,the bioaccessibility of astaxanthin in Antarctic krill oil was about 1.25 times of that in Haematococcus pluvialis oil.These results could provide a scientific basis for the rational production and the evaluation of dietary nutritional of Antarctic krill oil.