金花茶组植物资源现状与现代研究进展

Yellow Camellia:Resource Status and Research Progress in Modern Studies

金花茶为国家一级保护植物之一,是山茶科山茶属一种具有独特金黄色花瓣的珍贵植物资源,主要分布于广西、云南和贵州,有“植物界大熊猫”和“茶族皇后”的美誉。金花茶为我国壮族医(壮医)传统民间药,其叶与花均可药用,叶常用于咽喉炎、痢疾的治疗,花常用于月经不调、便血等方面的治疗。现代研究表明,金花茶含丰富的化学成分,如黄酮类、茶多酚、皂苷及多糖类等,具有抗氧化、降血糖、调血脂、抗肿瘤等多种药理活性。从资源概况、传统应用、化学成分和药理作用等方面对金花茶进行总结,为今后金花茶资源开发应用提供参考。

Yellow Camellia has been listed as a first degree national protective plant in China,and it is a precious species with golden petals in the genus Camellia,which is mainly distributed in Guangxi,Yunnan and Guizhou province.Yellow Camellia is a traditional folk medicine in Guangxi province,and its leaves and flowers can be used as medicine.Leaves are often used for pharyngitis,dysentery and tumor prevention,and flowers are often used for the treatment of menstrual disharmony and hematochezia.Modern studies have shown that yellow Camellia is rich in chemical constituents,containing flavonoids,tea polyphenols,saponins and polysaccharides,and pharmacological investigations have been indicated yellow Camellia possesses antioxidant,hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic,anti-tumor and other pharmacological activities.The present paper exhibits the recent research of yellow Camellia from the aspects of resource status,traditional application,chemical composition and pharmacological activity,and provides a reference for the development and application of yellow Camellia in the future.