采用多岛遗传算法的插齿刀几何参数优化研究

Study on Optimization of Geometric Parameters of Gear Shaper Cutter with Multi-island Genetic Algorithm

针对薄壁齿圈插齿加工过程中插削力过大引起齿形精度不高的问题,而插齿刀几何参数作为影响插削力大小的因素之一,提出了通过对插齿刀的几何参数进行优化来减小插削力提升齿形精度。采用UG对齿圈和刀具进行建模,将模型导入ABAQUS中对插齿加工过程进行仿真分析,得出插齿过程中的插削力。插齿刀的几何参数作为输入变量,插齿过程的插削力作为输出响应,通过优化拉丁超立方实验设计方法设计样本点,采用响应面近似模型建立数学模型,并结合多岛遗传算法对不同插齿刀的几何参数进行优化。研究结果表明,响应面模型能够有效的拟合插齿刀几何参数和插削力之间的函数关系,并通过多岛遗传算法的优化,插削力减小了34.87%,优化效果显著,对于插削力过大引起齿圈齿形精度不高的问题研究具有重要意义。

Aiming at the problem that the tooth shape accuracy is not high due to the excessive cutting force during the machining of the thin-walled ring gear,the geometrical parameters of the gear shaper cutter are one of the factors affecting the cutting force.The geometric parameters are optimized to reduce the cutting force and improve the accuracy of the tooth profile.The gear ring and the tool were constructed via UG,in which the model was introduced into ABAQUS to simulate the machining process of the gear shaping process,and the cutting force in the tooth cutting was obtained.The geometric parameters of the shaper cutter are used as input variables,and the cutting force of the gear insertion process is used as the output response.The sample points are designed by optimizing the Latin hypercube experimental design method,and the model is established with the response surface approximation model,the geometric parameters of different gear shaper cutters are optimized by multi Island genetic algorithm.The results show that the response surface model can effectively fit the function relationship between the geometric parameters of gear shaper cutter and the cutting force.Through the optimization of multi Island genetic algorithm,the cutting force is reduced by 34.87%,and the optimization effect is significant.It is of great significance for studying the problem that the too large cutting force causes the low accuracy of gear ring profile.