外源化学物对精子成熟障碍的影响及其表观遗传学调控机制研究进展

Research progress in effects of xenobiotics on sperm maturation disorders and its epigenetic regulation mechanisms

哺乳动物睾丸产生的精子在经过附睾头、体和尾部后,经过一系列生理生化和形态方面的变化从而获得运动及受精能力的过程,称为精子在附睾中的成熟。附睾精子成熟易受到外源化学物的影响,但其具体机制尚未系统阐明。本综述概述附睾精子成熟的基本生理调节过程,总结了近年来外源化学物(主要包括环境毒物、药物和食品等)对附睾精子成熟的影响,并归纳其潜在的表观遗传学调控机制(主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA等)。对保障精子质量、改善男性生殖健康和优生优育具有重要指导意义,也可为成年男性精子成熟障碍以及不孕不育的干预治疗提供新思路。

The sperm produced by the mammalian testis undergoes a series of physiological,biochemical and morphological changes after passing through the epididymal head,body,and tail to obtain motility and fertilization.This process is called sperm maturation in epididymis.Epididymal sperm maturation is easily affected by xenobiotics,but its specific mechanisms have not been systematically elucidated.This review overviews the basic physiological regulatory processes of epididymal sperm maturation,summarizes the effect of xenobiotics(including environmental toxicology,drugs and foods)on epididymal sperm maturation in recent years,and outlines its potential epigenetic regulatory mechanisms(including DNA methylation,histone modification,non-coding RNA).This study is expectecl to contribute to ensuring sperm quality,improving male reproductive health,and guiding prenatal and postnatal care.It also provides a new idea for the intervention treatment of adult male sperm maturation disorders and infertility.