淮河流域上游南北朝时期古洪水事件考证研究

A Textual Research on the Palaeoflood Events in the Upper Reaches of the Huai River During the Northern and Southern Dynasties

古洪水作为水文过程对极端气候事件的瞬时响应,含有丰富的历史水文数据资料信息,对于区域灾害史和古气候研究具有重大意义。文章在整理与分析淮河流域上游古洪水沉积记录等水文学资料的基础上,结合历史文献及史料记录,利用现代洪灾等级划分标准及历史洪灾等级划分先例,对淮河流域上游南北朝时期洪灾进行等级划分并考证。研究表明,淮河流域上游卢庄剖面滞留沉积物所记录的距今1320~1680年的古洪水灾害应属重灾等级,具体事件可能对应于南北朝孝文帝太和九年(485年)九月的一次特大洪水灾害。

As an instantaneous response of hydrological process to extreme climatic events,the palaeoflood contains abundant historical hydrological data and information,which is of great significance to the study of regional disaster history and the ancient climate study.On the basis of collecting and analyzing the hydrological records of palaeoflood sedimentation in the upper reaches of the Huai River Basin,combining with historical documents and records,this paper classifies and investigates the flood grades in the upper reaches of the Huai River Basin in the Northern and Southern Dynasties by using modern flood classification standards and historical flood classification precedents.The results show that the palaeoflood disaster recorded 1320~1680 years ago in the Luzhuang section in the upper reaches of the Huai River Basin should be a severe disaster,and the specific event may correspond to a severe flood disaster in September in the 9th year of Taihe(485)of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern and Southern Dynasties.