海拔高度对软枣猕猴桃果实次生代谢物含量的影响研究

Effect of Altitude on Content of Secondary Metabolites in Actinidia arguta(Sieb.&Zucc.)Planch.ex Miq.

为了解海拔高度对软枣猕猴桃果实次生代谢物含量的影响,以吉林省八家子林业局先锋林场老爷岭山体低海拔(600~800 m)、中海拔(800~1000 m)和高海拔(1000~1200 m)三个区段的软枣猕猴桃果实为试验材料,结合各海拔区段测定的温度数据,综合分析了海拔对软枣猕猴桃果实品质及次生代谢物含量的影响。结果表明:随着海拔的不断升高,无霜期变短,有效积温减少,无霜期随海拔的升高变化不是很明显,而有效积温变化则较明显,且在不同海拔区段有效积温下降幅度不同,即低海拔区段和高海拔区段有效积温分别下降461℃和244℃。随着海拔的升高,日最高温和日最低温均显著下降,但在不同海拔区段的温度下降幅度也是不一样的,即低海拔段海拔每提升100 m,日最高温下降0.99℃,而高海拔段海拔每提升100 m,日最高温下降0.38℃。相反,低海拔段海拔每提升100 m,日最低温下降0.23℃,而高海拔段海拔每提升100 m,日最低温下降0.37℃。随着海拔的升高,各种次生代谢物含量均增加,但海拔过高不利于维生素C含量和总酚的积累。考虑软枣猕猴桃果实对海拔高度的响应,在适当的海拔高度种植有利于保持软枣猕猴桃果实品质及高次生代谢物含量。

In order to understand the effect of altitude on the content of secondary metabolites of Actinidia arguta(Sieb.&Zucc.)Planch.ex Miq.fruit,the effect of altitude on content of secondary metabolites of Actinidia arguta(Sieb.&Zucc.)Planch.ex Miq.fruit were studied in Laoyeling Mountain,Xianfeng forest farm,Bajiazi Forestry Bureau,Jilin Province.The results showed that the frost free period became shorter and the effective accumulated temperature decreased with the increase of altitude,the frost free period did not change significantly with the increase of altitude,but the effective accumulated temperature changed significantly,and the decrease range of effective accumulated temperature was different at different altitudes,that is,there was a significant difference between low altitude(600~1000 m)and high altitude(1000~1400 m).The effective accumulated temperature decreased by 461℃and 244℃,respectively.With the increase of altitude,the daily maximum temperature and the daily minimum temperature decreased significantly,but the decreasing range of temperature in different altitudes was also different,that is,the daily maximum temperature of low altitude(600~1000 m)decreased by 0.99℃every 100 m,while the daily maximum temperature of high altitude(1000~1400 m)decreased by 0.38℃every 100 m.On the contrary,the lowest temperature of low altitude(600~1000 m)decreased by 0.23℃every 100 m,while the lowest temperature of high altitude(1000~1400 m)decreased by 0.37℃every 100 m.With the increase of altitude,the contents of various secondary metabolites increased,but too high altitude was not conducive to the accumulation of vitamin C and total phenols.Considering the response of Actinidia arguta(Sieb.&Zucc.)Planch.ex Miq.fruit to altitude,planting at appropriate altitude is beneficial to maintain the fruit quality and high secondary metabolite content of Actinidia arguta(Sieb.&Zucc.)Planch.ex Miq..