杭州市下城区市售动物性水产品中镉含量分析

Analysis of cadmium in the commercial animal aquatic products in Xiacheng District,Hangzhou City

【目的】了解杭州市下城区市售动物性水产品中重金属镉污染水平。【方法】于2013—2018年4—11月在下城区随机采集6类293份动物性水产品测定镉含量,按GB 2762—2017《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》评价检测结果,采用单因子污染指数法评价污染程度。采集11份梭子蟹分部位检测镉含量。【结果】超市和农贸市场水产品镉含量差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。不同种类水产品中镉含量存在差异(P <0.05),镉超标率依次为:海水甲壳类(28.6%)>头足类(11.1%)>淡水甲壳类(8.4%)>双壳类(6.9%),鱼类均合格。海水甲壳类镉均值高达0.466 3 mg/kg,超标率为28.6%,其中海蟹镉均值1.101 mg/kg,超标率达66.7%。梭子蟹镉含量分部位检测结果显示:膏黄>胸肌/腿肌(P <0.05);胸肌和腿肌间差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。【结论】下城区市售动物性4种水产品镉含量超标,可能存在一定的食品安全风险,市民应减少食用镉含量高的甲壳类水产品。

[Objective]To investigate the level of cadmium(Cd)in commercial aquatic products in Xiacheng District,Hangzhou.[Methods]We randomly collected 293 aquatic products which belonged to six aquatic animals in the markets in Xiacheng District to determine the content of Cd.It was further evaluated by single factor pollution index(PI)according to the standard GB 2762-2017.In 11 samples of swimming crabs,Cd was examined in the different parts.[Results]There was no significant difference in the content of Cd between the samples collected in the markets and those in the supermarkets.It significantly differed in the samples of different aquatic animals(P<0.05).The prevalence of Cd that exceeded the standard was as follows:seawater crustaceans(28.6%)>cephalopods(11.1%)>freshwater crustaceans(8.4%)>bivalves(6.9%).However,it was not excessive in the samples of fish.The mean level of Cd in the seawater crustaceans was 0.4663 mg/kg,which resulted in the proportion of the samples that were excessive being 28.6%.Particularly,the mean level in sea crab was as high as 1.101 mg/kg with the proportion being 66.7%.In the samples of swimming crabs,there was a significant difference in the prevalence of Cd between swimming crab gonads and crab chests or legs(P>0.05),while no statistical difference between crab chests and legs(P>0.05).[Conclusion]The content of Cd in the aquatic products may be excessive in Xiacheng District,which warrants additional regulatory efforts to food safety.The public should reduce the consumption of aquatic products with high content of Cd.