“三不朽”图赞与“速朽”《阿Q正传》的文脉勾连

Commentaries on the"Three Kinds of Imperishable Worthies":Their Connection with The True Story of Ah Q

张岱晚年所著《於越有明三不朽图赞》,以图像加赞辞的形式,辑录了绍兴有明一代先贤的事迹,汇成人物传记式圣贤画谱。鲁迅家藏该著作珍本,曾于1912、1913年两次补绘插图,补足跋语,周建人抄录赞文,鲁迅又两次购藏此书三册,以表达对绍兴先贤和文学前辈的敬意。本文是学界首次整理鲁迅补录手迹,赏析鲁迅唯一存世手绘圣贤人物画像,基于“三不朽”的儒教内涵,赞文体裁的文学性,鲁迅对张岱文章史著风格的传承,勾连“反圣贤”的白话小说《阿Q正传》,于此个案回溯流转的文脉深处,论证所谓“沉默期”鲁迅钞校古籍与新文学创作之间的对话关系。

Portraits with Commentary of the Imperishable Worthies of the Shaoxing Region by Zhang Dai in his later years is a biography and record of the sages in Youming,Shaoxing in the form of images and commentaries.Lu Xun had a rare edition of this book,and in 1912 and 1913,he added illustrations to supplement the postscripts.Zhou Jianren copied the words of commentaries.Lu Xun bought three more copies of this book to express his respect for Shaoxing's sages and literary predecessors.This is the first time to collate Lu Xun's supplementary words and appreciate his only surviving hand-painted portraits of sages.Based on the Confucian connotation of the"three kinds of imperishable worthies"and the literariness of the commentaries,Lu Xun inherited the style of Zhang Dai's historical works and created The True Story of Ah Q,demonstrating the dialogue relationship between the so-called"silent period"when Lu Xun collated ancient books and his creation of new literature.