雷雨天气对负氧离子浓度的影响

Effect of Thunderstorms on Negative Oxygen Ion Concentration

空气负氧离子含量已经成为康养、生态旅游区域评价的主要指标之一,沿海区域的空气负氧离子含量较高,受雷雨等天气因子的影响显著。本文利用日照大沙洼国家森林公园空气负氧离子逐日监测数据、闪电定位仪监测数据和自动气象站雨量、雨强监测资料,分析检验雷雨天气相关气象因子与空气负氧离子浓度变化率的关系。结果表明:(1)雷雨天气与负氧离子浓度的变化率具有显著相关性,雷雨时负氧离子的浓度变化率高于无雷雨时的负氧离子浓度变化率。(2)在发生雷雨的初始阶段,雷雨因子对空气负氧离子浓度变化率的影响较明显,随着雷雨的持续,雷雨因子对空气负氧离子浓度影响趋于平缓,并呈现出波动变化。(3)雷雨过程中,降雨强度和空气负氧离子浓度变化率存在显著正相关关系,降雨越强空气中的负氧离子含量增加越明显;闪电强度和空气负氧离子浓度变化率也存在显著正相关关系,闪电强度越强空气中负氧离子含量增加越明显。(4)由负氧离子浓度变化率与降雨强度、闪电强度建立的回归模型及其检验可知,对降雨强度大于1.0mm/5min、负闪电强度大于50kA的雷雨天气,模型对负氧离子变化率的预测准确率较高;对降雨强度小于1.0mm/5min、负闪电强度小于45kA的雷雨天气,模型对负氧离子变化率的预测能力略显不足。

The content of negative oxygen ions in air has become one of the main evaluation indexes for health and tourist areas.The value of negative oxygen ions in the coastal area is high,and it is significantly influenced by thunderstorms and other weather factors.In this paper,the daily monitoring data of air negative oxygen ions,the data of lightning,rainfall and rainfall intensity from the automatic weather station in the Rizhao Dashawa National Forest Park are used to analyze and verify the relationship between the variation rate of the negative oxygen ion concentration and the meteorological factors related to thunderstorm weather.The results shows:(1)The variation rate of the negative oxygen ion concentration is closely related to thunderstorm weather.The variation rate of negative oxygen ion concentration in thunderstorm weather is higher than that in no-thunderstorm weather.(2)In the initial stage of the thunderstorm,the influence of thunderstorm factors on the change rate of air negative oxygen ion concentration is obvious. With the increasing duration of the thunderstorm,the influence of the thunderstorm factors on the concentration of negative oxygen ions tends to be gentle,with a state of fluctuation.(3)During thunderstorms,there is a significant positive correlation between rainfall intensity and variation rate of the negative oxygen ion concentration.The stronger the rainfall,the more obvious the increase of the negative oxygen ion concentration in the air.There is also a significant positive correlation between lightning intensity and variation rate of the negative oxygen ion concentration.The higher the lightning intensity,the higher the variation rate of the negative oxygen ion concentration becomes.(4)According to the regression model established by the numerical change rate of negative oxygen ion concentration and the intensity of rainfall and lightning,for thunderstorms with a rainfall intensity of greater than 1.0 mm per 5 minutes and a negative lightning intensity of greater than 50 kA,the model has a high accuracy in predicting the change rate of negative oxygen ions.For thunderstorms with a rainfall intensity of less than 1.0 mm per 5 minutes and a negative lightning intensity of less than 45 kA,the ability of the model to predict the change rate of negative oxygen ions is slightly inadequate.