109例新型冠状病毒肺炎密切接触者感染情况分析

Analysis on the infection of 109 close contacts with COVID-19

目的:调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)密切接触者感染情况,分析新型冠状病毒感染相关危险因素和预防措施的有效性。方法:对隔离观察的密切接触者进行问卷调查,统计14 d观察期结束后新型冠状病毒感染情况,应用χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析研究年龄、体质量、基础病、吸烟、饮酒等因素与密切接触者感染新型冠状病毒的相关性,分析戴口罩、常洗手及预防用药等预防措施对密切接触者的影响。结果:共调查109例密切接触者,20例确诊新型冠状病毒感染,感染组患者年龄(岁)显著高于非感染组[(66.0±14.8)vs(44.3±21.3),P<0.01]。高龄、高血压、失眠是密切接触者感染新型冠状病毒的高危因素;常洗手能显著降低感染新型冠状病毒风险;抗病毒药物、中成药可降低感染新型冠状病毒风险,但无统计学意义;抗生素的使用不能降低密切接触者感染新型冠状病毒风险。结论:高龄尤其是有高血压者感染新型冠状病毒风险高,需加强预防、及时筛查。勤洗手、保证良好的睡眠能有效降低感染新型冠状病毒风险。

Objective: To investigate the infection of novel coronavirus in close contacts with COVID-19 patients, and to analyze the risk factors and the effectiveness of intervention measures.Methods: The close contacts were investigated by questionnaire, and infection of novel coronavirus was counted after14 days of observation. Chi-square inspection and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to study the correlation between some factors and infection, such as age, weight, basic diseases,smoking, drinking, et al. The influence of wearing masks, washing hands, and preventive drugs on the prognosis of close contacts was analyzed.Results: A total of 109 close contacts were investigated,and 20 cases were diagnosed as COVID-19. The age of the infected group was significantly higher than that of the non-infected group(66. 0±14. 8 vs 44. 3±21. 3, P<0. 01). Old age, hypertension,and insomnia were high risk factors for infection of novel coronavirus. Frequent hand-washing could significantly reduce the risk of novel coronavirus infection. Preventive use of antiviral drugs and traditional Chinese medicine could not reduce the risk of novel coronavirus infection. The use of antibiotics couldn’t reduce the risk of new coronavirus infection in close contacts.Conclusion: Elderly people, especially those with hypertension, have a high risk of new coronavirus infection. Frequent hand washing and good sleep could effectively reduce the risk of new coronavirus infection.