居住建筑地下空间自然通风方案优选研究

Research on Optimal Selection of Natural Ventilation Scheme for Underground Space of Residential Building

以某居住建筑地下室为研究对象,根据《绿色建筑评价标准》中自然通风评价指标窗地比,建立7种建筑构造工况模型,采用计算流体力学Fluent软件,模拟分析不同工况下的风速场、空气龄、换气次数以及不均匀系数并对各指标进行评价,探讨居住建筑地下空间自然通风优选方案。结果表明:窗地比越大,室内通风效果越好;窗地比相同时,风速越大、空气龄越小、换气次数越大以及不均匀系数越小的室内通风效果越好,方案优选时应综合考虑各指标;设置迎风面(南面)大天井时空气龄小、换气次数多且风场分布较均匀,该方案为自然通风优选方案。建议相关标准对地下空间的通风效果设置更有针对性的评价指标。

Taking the basement in a residential building as research object,according to window-to-floor ratio of the natural ventilation evaluation index in the Assessment Standard for Green Building,seven kinds of models of working condition in architectural construction were established.Fluent software of computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate and analyze the wind field,air age,air change rate and non-uniformity coefficient under different working condition and all the indexes were compared and evaluated.The optimum scheme of natural ventilation in the underground space of residential building was explored.The results show that the larger the window-to-floor ratio is,the better the indoor ventilation effect is.At the same window-to-floor ratio,the greater the wind speed,the smaller the air age,the greater the air change rate and the smaller the non-uniformity coefficient,the better the indoor ventilation effect.When the windward(south)courtyard is set,the air age is small,the air change rate is large and the wind field distribution is relatively uniform,which is the optimal scheme for natural ventilation.It is suggested that the relevant standards should set more targeted evluation indexes for the ventilation effect of underground space.