美国对华舆论战及我国的应对策略

America’s Public Opinion War against China and China’s Countermeasures

本文重点探析了美国对华发动舆论战的运作机制及可能的应对策略。美国对华舆论战是大国竞争背后的隐蔽作战方式,呈现信息武器化的突出特征。舆论战的运作机制发轫于冷战时期美国对原苏东地区惯用的组织架构,并在互联网时代进行了新的路径调整。美国当前已形成以国务院为主导,由国防部与国家情报体系进行部门间左右协同,由媒体、对华强硬派带头人及非政府组织上下联动的全方位对华舆论作战体系。面对虚实交互的信息对抗新局面,我国亟需探寻必要的应对策略,迎战大国博弈变局。

This paper focuses on the working mechanism of public opinion war of the United States against China and possible countermeasures taken by China. Public opinion war of the United States against China is a covert operation behind the rivalry between major powers,and shows a striking feature,i. e.,weaponization of information. The working mechanism of public opinion war originated from the organizational structure conventionally adopted by the United States against the Soviet Union and East Europe during the Cold War period,and has been adjusted in a new way in the Internet Age. The United States has already formed an all-round public opinion war system against China,which is headed by the State Department,supplemented by the Department of Defense and the National Intelligence System at interdepartmental level,and synergized by the media,hard-line leaders and non-governmental organizations at different levels and in every way. In the new landscape of virtual and actual information confrontations,it is urgently needed for China to work out the necessary coping strategies and face up to the turbulences in the game of major powers.