论托马斯·阿奎那情感伦理学的理性原则

The Studies on the Rational Principle of Thomas Aquinas’Emotional Ethics

托马斯·阿奎那通过情感分有理性学说,细致区分了情感的自主与受动、自然属性与伦理属性,以情感的层次性理论回应斯多亚派的“情感皆恶论”和安布罗斯主张的“情感无善无恶论”.托马斯认为,正是由于分有了理性,情感得以分有某种自由,具有了伦理意义上的自主性,因此,情感是伦理德行的主体,在道德层面善恶分明.

Thomas Aquinas put forth a rational theory about the emotions,distinguishing in a detailed way of their voluntariness and their passivity,their natural nature and their theoretical nature.With his theory of the different levels of the emotions,he responded to Stoics’“evilness of the emotions”theory and to Ambrose’s theory that“the emotions are neither good nor bad”.Tomas considered that,the emotions,with the element of reason,have a certain freedom,and form a moral perspective can take the initiative.Therefore,the emotions(passions)are the originators of moral action,and on the level of morality,they can be divided into good and evil ones.