《老子》“自”类语词哲学范畴释要

An Explanation of the philosophical category of“Zi-X”in“Lao Tzu”

中国哲学的一个显著特点是以语词作为观念节点,从而推进论说,展开思辨。“自”类语词在中国哲学的发展历程中无疑扮演着重要角色,前诸子时期已经出现了观念—思想化“自”类语词,而从《老子》开始,“自”类语词进入了哲学范畴。就《老子》“自”类语词哲学范畴而言,其基本情况是“自”类语词指向了不同的对象,根据对象、合理性可以作出相应的划分,某些“自”类语词体现出一定的模式化与“+者”现象。在更深的层面,“自”类语词可分为“自”之“不自”“自化”“自然”这三个主要范畴,并具有四层逻辑结构,蕴含着深刻的“自—他”关系。“自”类语词所呈现出的观念、思想浸透着《老子》对整个世界的关注、思考、追问。

A distinctive feature of Chinese philosophy is the use of words as the concept of nodes,so as to promote the argument,start speculation.“Zi-X”has undoubtedly played an important role in the development of Chinese philosophy.Since the beginning of the“pre-philosophers period”,there has been the“Zi-X”of idea-thought,and from“Lao Tzu”,“Zi-X”has entered the philosophical category.In the category of“Zi-X”philosophical categories,the basic situation is that“Zi-X”point to different objects.They can be divided according to particular object and rationality.Some“Zi-X”reflect certain model and“+Zhe”phenomenon.At a deeper level,there are three main philosophy categories of the“Zi-X”named“Zi Zhi Bu Zi”,“Zi Hua”,“Zi Ran”,and are presented with four layers of logical structure,and the relationship between self and others.Idea thoughts that showed in“Zi-X”,has imbued with“Lao Tzu”’s concern,thinking and questioning on the whole world.